New Disinfectant——Application of Chlorine Dioxide in Agricultural Production

Chlorine dioxide is a high-efficiency and strong oxidant. It has many functions such as disinfection, sterilization, anti-corrosion, deodorization, preservation, bleaching, etc. The oxidation capacity is 2.6 times that of chlorine and the effective chlorine is 263%. Its sterilization and sterilization are completely non-carcinogenic and teratogenic. It has been listed as an AI grade product by the World Health Organization (WHO) and ranks first in safe disinfection methods. At present, foreign developed countries have widely applied it to water purification, food industry and fruit and vegetable preservation, and some countries have enacted laws and regulations that use chlorine dioxide as a terminal disinfectant and preservative for food processing. China's application research on chlorine dioxide started late, mainly in the fields of medical treatment, water treatment, bleaching, food industry and antisepsis. In recent years, as China attaches great importance to the safe production of agricultural products, chlorine dioxide has also been involved in the agricultural field.

1. Characteristics and mechanism of chlorine dioxide

(1) Chlorine dioxide disinfectant for tobacco seedlings

(2) Fungicide for vegetable and fruit planting period: antibacterial net

(3) Sterilization and preservation of vegetables and fruits after picking and packing: slow-release fruit and vegetable storage bags

(4) Disinfect the soil, seeding points and seeds with chlorine dioxide to completely solve the problem of soil rickets: soil disinfectant

Chlorine dioxide has a unique strong oxidizing property. It can rapidly destroy the enzymes and amino acids that synthesize proteins in microbes (fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc.), inhibit the specific adsorption of viruses and infect the host cells, kill bacteria and other microorganisms, and achieve the purpose of sterilization. Chlorine dioxide does not produce toxic effects on animals and plants. The reason is that the cell structure of animals and plants is different from that of bacterial viruses. The enzyme system penetrates into the organelles of cells, and the protective system against various oxidants can be formed in animals and plants. Therefore, it is basically not damaged by chlorine dioxide.

2. Application of chlorine dioxide in agricultural production

(1) Impact on soil microbes

In view of the principle of chlorine dioxide inactivation of viruses and bacteria, the Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment continuously planted a 7-8 a cucumber shelter in the Beichen District for soil disinfection test in 2008, using 100-150 mg/kg dioxide. After treatment with chlorine solution, the amount of soil fungi, actinomycetes and bacteria on the surface of 10 am was reduced by 8-15 times compared with the clear water control after 7 days. This indicates that chlorine dioxide has a strong inactivation effect on soil microorganisms. It has a high application value for the protection of long-term continuous cropping diseases.

(2) Application effects in the production of several crops

(3) Control effect on cotton wilt

Due to the low rate of lodging in most cotton areas in China, cotton blight is increasing year by year. It has caused serious damage to cotton yield and quality. Prevention and control of cotton blight has been a subject of research. Some domestic research institutes have also tried to solve this problem by soil disinfection. According to the Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment. The cotton wilt disease incidence rate was 5%-6.7% after the soil was disinfected with 1 50-200 mg/kg chlorine dioxide for cotton plants with a history of 7 years of heavy wilt disease, while the water control reached 43. .3%; the rate of dead seedlings was 0 for chlorine dioxide, and 25% for controls. Disinfection of seed cotton with chlorine dioxide increased yield by 61 kg/667 m compared to the control. , increased production by 32%.

(4) Sterilization and disinfection of greenhouse vegetables

It has been reported that chlorine dioxide is used in greenhouse sterilization and can effectively kill bacteria, viruses and bacterial spores. Foliar spray. It has a strong therapeutic effect on the fruit mold, yellow fungus, cyclosporine, aspergillus, brown spot, perforation L disease, and leaf shrinkage disease. With water irrigation for soil disinfection, it can prevent and treat vegetable root rot, etc., and there is no toxic substance residue. The Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment conducted experiments on cucumber and celery with a shed age of more than 10 years from 2005 to 2006. It showed that the treatment rate of cucumber was 14% with 50-100 mg/kg chlorine dioxide solution. 19%, 39% to 43% lower than the clear water control, equivalent to methyl thiophanate and bacillus, and 13.5%-15.8% higher than the clear water. It is about 5% higher than the other two drugs. The celery test showed that the incidence rate was 8% with 100-150 mg/kg chlorine dioxide solution, 30% for clear water control, 0% for chlorine-free seedling rate, 16% for control, and the incidence of chlorine dioxide treatment. And the rate of seedling loss was 73.3% and 100% lower than that of clear water. Chlorine dioxide treatment increased yield by 14.4%-19.2% compared with the control, the difference was extremely significant.

(5) Effect on potato tissue culture seedlings

According to the preliminary test of the Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, after 10 days of treatment, 4.24% of the chlorine dioxide solution potato tissue culture pollution rate was 2%, fresh water was 10%, autoclaving was 0, with 13.3 % and 16% chlorine dioxide solution treatment, the pollution rate is 0. In the bactericidal test of slightly polluted potato seedlings, the recovery rate of contaminated seedlings by chlorine dioxide treatment was 85%, penicillin was 70%, penicillin +--oxidized chlorine was 95%, and the control was basically not recovered. In the field bed test, 20 mg/kg of chlorine dioxide solution was sprayed, the potato seedlings were not infected, the survival rate was over 95%, the incidence of clear water control was 20%-30%, and the survival rate was about 50%. In addition, after spraying chlorine dioxide on 20% of the affected beds, the condition can be effectively controlled.

(6) Control effect on watermelon rickets

According to the Tianjin Health and Disease Prevention Center, heavy weight plots occurred in watermelons in Wuqing District. Soaking seeds and watering the seeding points with a long-term bactericidal fungicide containing 2% chlorine dioxide can effectively kill the production of watermelons treated with chlorine dioxide disinfectant. Compared with clear water, the yield increased by 61.1%. After testing, the total number of bacteria in the control soil was significantly higher than that of the fungicide treatment, and one dominant mold was isolated. The fungus-treated melon did not separate the mold.

3, the conclusion

In summary, chlorine dioxide as a new generation of disinfectant. Although the application in agricultural production is only in its infancy, its application effect and safety have gradually been recognized. The promotion of chlorine dioxide sterilization in farmland for long-term continuous cropping is of great significance for reducing costs and improving the safe planting level of agricultural products. Some experts predict that it is difficult to find a disinfectant that can be compared with it so far. It is a project that benefits human health. In the future, in-depth research should be conducted on the application methods of chlorine dioxide to speed up its promotion and application.

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1, high purity chlorine dioxide disinfectant

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3, one yuan chlorine dioxide disinfection powder

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